Parmeliaceae Cetraria aculeata Growth type fruticose Chemical reactions negative Usually found on acidic coastal dunes and shingle, among Calluna on heathlands, rare on mossy rocks and tree stumps. Forms loose clumps or interwoven mats of glossy chestnut to blackish-brown, +/- flattened branches which end in blunt spikes with elongated pseudocyphellae near axils. Apothecia are rare. Similar: Cetraria muricata

Cetraria aculeata
Studland, Dorset. July and September 2012 and November 2013